pen eraser

closure tape

2009-02-06T18:32:00.000-08:00

Closure (video)
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Closure

Video by Nine Inch Nails
Released
November 25, 1997
Recorded
1994-1995
Genre
Industrial rock
Length
133:24
Label
Nothing Records
Producer
??
Professional reviews
Allmusic link
Pitchfork Media (8.1/10) link
Nine Inch Nails video chronology
Broken(1995)
Closure(1997)
And All That Could Have Been(1999)
Closure (also known as Halo 12) is a double VHS set by Nine Inch Nails released in 1997. Closure is the twelfth official Nine Inch Nails release. It consists of one tape of live concert and behind-the-scenes footage from the "Self Destruct" tour and one tape of music videos.
Contents
1 Music listing
1.1 Self Destruct Tour (tape 1)
1.2 Music Videos (tape 2)
2 DVD version
2.1 Earliest Live Shows/Lollapalooza/Hate 90/Self Destruct Tour (disc 1 additional footage)
2.2 Availability
3 Releases
4 Notes
5 External links
//

Music listing

Self Destruct Tour (tape 1)
"Terrible Lie"
"Piggy"
"Down in It"
"March of the Pigs"
"The Only Time"
"Wish"
"Hurt" (with David Bowie)
"Something I Can Never Have"

Music Videos (tape 2)
"Head Like a Hole" – 4:31
"Sin" – 2:11
"Down in It" – 3:50
"Pinion" – 1:16
"Wish" – 3:42
"Help Me I Am In Hell" – 2:03
"Happiness in Slavery" – 4:48
"Gave Up" – 4:27
"March of the Pigs" – 3:03
"Eraser (live)" – 4:23
"Hurt (live)" – 5:10
"Wish (live)" – 3:49
"Closer" – 4:36
"The Perfect Drug" – 4:13

DVD version
In August 2004, Trent Reznor announced a DVD version of Closure, long requested and anticipated by fans, which was to be released in late 2004. It contains over 90 minutes of additional footage compared to the prior VHS release. A teaser trailer shown on the NIN website included new footage from the 1989 tour, Lollapalooza, Woodstock '94, clips from the making of the "Closer" and "The Perfect Drug" videos, and the unreleased, original versions of the "March of the Pigs" and "Hurt" videos. The deluxe two-disc DVD set, though finished and ready for authoring and release, has been indefinitely postponed by Interscope Records.

Earliest Live Shows/Lollapalooza/Hate 90/Self Destruct Tour (disc 1 additional footage)
"Now I'm Nothing/Terrible Lie"
"Sin" (clip)
"Sanctified" (first show)
"Down In It" (clip)
"Big Man With A Gun" (rehearsal)
"Pinion" (clip)
"March of the Pigs" (clip)
"Get Down Make Love" (clip)
"Hurt" original video (making of)
"Reptile" (Woodstock 94)
"March of the Pigs" original video (clip)
"Mr Self Destruct" (clip)
"Closer" (clip)
"Wish" (soundcheck clip)
"Big Man with a Gun"
"The Perfect Drug" (making of)
"Something I Can Never Have" (Woodstock 94)

Availability
In 2006, Disc 1 of a so-called "prototype" edition of the DVD set appeared on the BitTorrent site The Pirate Bay, including the aforementioned bonus content and a still image gallery. The torrent also contains the artwork from the promotional poster that was rendered for the DVD, containing more detail than the original VHS cover. Disc 2 later appeared, including behind-the-scenes footage of the "Closer" video with commentary by Mark Romanek. Both of these discs were submitted to The Pirate Bay (along with The Broken Movie DVD "leak") by a user known only as seed0.
Fans speculate that Reznor may have been the source of this leak, based on a post on his official blog: "12/21/06 : Happy Holidays! This one is a guilt-free download. (shhhh - I didn't say that out loud). If you know what I'm talking about, cool."This was later alluded to by Reznor, tongue-in cheek, during an interview: "A couple of years ago around this time of year, somebody must have broken into my personal files and uploaded onto a torrent site the entire DVD of Closure[...] So that basically means that it doesn't need to come out on DVD anymore."

Releases

Plastic Organizer

coffee marker

2009-02-06T18:31:00.000-08:00

Niles Crane
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Niles Crane
First appearance
The Good Son
Last appearance
Goodnight, Seattle
Portrayed by
David Hyde Pierce
Information
Occupation
Psychiatrist
Family
Martin Crane (father)Hester Crane (mother; deceased)Frasier Crane (brother)Ronee Lawrence (step-mother)
Spouse(s)
Maris Crane (ex-wife)Mel Crane (ex-wife)Daphne Moon (wife)
Children
David Crane (son; via Daphne)
Dr. Niles Crane (born 1957) is a fictional character on the American sitcom Frasier, a spin-off of the popular show Cheers. He was portrayed by David Hyde Pierce. Niles is the younger brother of Frasier Crane and the son of Martin Crane.
While it had originally been intended that Frasier be an only child, David Hyde Pierce was hired because Frasier producers saw his headshot and commented on how much he looked like a young Kelsey Grammer. Unlike Frasier, much of whose background comes from the Cheers series, Niles' background is established over the course of Frasier (with additional retcons made where necessary if Niles' existence clashes with previous revelations made on Cheers).
On Bravo TV's countdown of the 100 Greatest TV characters, David Hyde Pierce described Niles as "Frasier if he had never gone to Boston."
Contents
1 Background
2 Personality
3 Role in the series
4 References

Background
Born in Seattle, Washington, in 1957, to Hester Crane, a psychiatrist, and Martin Crane, a police detective, the exact date of Niles' birth and the age difference between the two brothers is never revealed. However, taking into account that Frasier was born in 1952, we can assume that the age difference is 5 years, give or take a few months, since we do not actually know Niles' exact birthdate. In the third season episode "The Friend" Niles says that he has been Frasier's brother for 38 years, and in the episode "IQ," we learned that Niles was given Frasier's tricycle when Frasier was eight.
Like Frasier, Niles was named for one of his mother's lab rats ("Are You Being Served"). Also like Frasier, Niles was an unusually sensitive child when growing up, and a frequent target for bullies. As a result, he was quite close to his older brother, and at the same time fiercely competitive with him. Like Frasier, Niles also preferred fine arts, music, and intellectual pursuits to boyhood activities like sports.
Niles' success in school led to his attendance at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut (like his counterpart David Hyde Pierce) as an undergraduate, and the Yale School of Medicine for both his M.D. and Ph.D. in psychiatry. He subsequently attended the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England, where he was a postdoctoral fellow while completing his professional training. This further highlights the close competitive relationship with his brother, Frasier, who attended Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts as an undergraduate, then Harvard Medical School for both his M.D. and Ph.D. in psychiatry, subsequently followed by his own postdoctoral fellowship at the University of Oxford in Oxford, England.
Niles describes his profession as "the saving grace of my life" (in episode "IQ") and is greatly respected professionally. He runs his own Jungian practice (Frasier is a Freudian) (during an on-air substitution for Frasier, he announced "While my brother is a Freudian, I am a Jungian! So there will be no blaming mother today!"). He has had his research published in several psychiatric journals. In the episode "Author, Author!" Niles revealed that he was on the board of the American Psychiatric Association and that four of his clients had been elected to political office. Niles often compares his own career to that of his brother, and early in the series makes frequent wisecracks about the "fast-food approach to psychiatry" that Frasier practices through his radio show. Over the course of the show his remarks reduce down to occasional jabs for the purpose of humor, and he is occasionally heard to admit that he respects the fact that Frasier manages to help a great deal of people through his show. It is revealed that Niles lashed out at his brother due to jealousy, as he felt that he did not receive the praise and recognition due for his hard work, whereas Frasier's face is seen on "the side of buses." This sibling conflict is one of the main ones explored in the series.

Personality
Niles is fastidious, snobby and fussy, and has gourmet tastes, and was described by a professional interviewed by the Seattle Post-Intelligencer as Obsessive-compulsive.[1] He is an admirer of the fine arts including opera, theatre and classical music, drinks fine wine and enjoys French food which he himself cooks, and frequently obsesses about knowing the right people and climbing the social ladder.
Niles is also very intelligent. In the episode "IQ", it is revealed that his IQ is 156, well above the Mensa range (which is typically around the low 130s).
Physically weak and very uncoordinated, Niles has a long list of phobias and medical conditions, many of which are clearly psychosomatic. Most prominently, he is quite mysophobic, given to wiping his hands after human contact and wiping down chairs in public places before sitting on them. He has nose bleeds when he tells a direct lie, and he faints at the sight of blood. When extremely stressed, he is prone to panic attacks and fits of hyperventilation which have, on more than one occasion, seen him lose consciousness. He also suffers from a long list of allergies, some exceedingly rare. He is seemingly hopeless at sports, barely able to catch objects even after simple throws. However, in some episodes he is shown to be fair at basketball. On one occasion, while attending a basketball game, he is fortuitously invited on court during the game's intermission to try his skill (or luck) at scoring from half court, and much to the astonishment of his brother and father (and himself), Niles makes the impossible throw. The brothers are often seen coming or going to squash matches, though Martin once commented in disbelief, "You have to wonder what happens on that squash court." Accompanying Martin on the shooting range one day, Niles discovered that he is an excellent marksman. He is a fair fencer, and has had some lessons in kickboxing. On other occasions he has expressed interest in lifting weights and taking karate lessons, but these ventures are typically laughed at by his father and brother and often amount to nothing. He is also a master speller, having come close to winning the national spelling competition as a youth and spell-checking the graffiti in a bathroom stall at a local coffee cafe with a red marker.
He drives a Mercedes-Benz with the licence plate 5HR1NK. It is unknown which Mercedes he drives in the latter half of the series, but in the first season episode "The Crucible" we see him driving a Mercedes-Benz E320.

Role in the series
Niles is Frasier's constant companion and rival. He meets with his brother every day at Cafe Nervosa, where they discuss their lives and various other topics. Niles and Frasier often collaborate on projects, which frequently and comedically lead to complete disaster. Some examples are the book (ironically about sibling rivalry) that they attempted to write in the episode "Author, Author" and the restaurant they purchase, and attempt to transform into an exclusive five-star eatery in the episode "The Innkeepers"
His romantic life is another area explored throughout the series, and it is tragically plagued with grief and misfortune.
Niles' first wife is Maris, the selfish, haughty, highly-strung, anorexic, and unstable daughter of a wealthy Seattle family, who is never seen on the show, despite being referred to frequently. Maris demonstrates her extremely paranoid and controlling nature throughout the series. Her lack of respect and affection for Niles leads to separation, and eventually a rancorous divorce after fifteen years of marriage. After taking away nearly everything he owned, she finally agrees on a settlement when Niles' attorney threatens to expose the fact that her family's wealth is not in timber lands but in urinal cakes.
Niles then marries Mel Karnofsky, Maris' plastic surgeon, whom he starts dating following his divorce. The two elope, but the marriage falls apart after only two days when Niles confesses his love for Daphne Moon, his father's physical therapist, to whom he had been secretly attracted throughout the series' first seven seasons. His confession occurs the night before her wedding to Niles' divorce lawyer Donny Douglas. The relationship spawns a huge ordeal, prompting Donny to respond by suing both Daphne and Frasier, while Mel forces Niles to participate in a prolonged charade of a happy marriage for the sake of appearances, until he finally loses his temper and shouts out the truth during an important dinner party.
Niles' most significant relationship on the show is with Daphne Moon, perhaps an unlikely attraction given the significant differences in their tastes, temperament and social standing (he once referred to her as a "working-class Venus"). For numerous reasons during the first six seasons of the show, Niles is unable to confess his feelings for Daphne, who remains unaware of his love for her (despite her professed psychic abilities).
Niles' feelings for Daphne are the basis for many gags on the show, including the numerous ways he demonstrates how besotted he is with her (such as being entranced by the smell of her hair or staring at her rear end when she bends over), but develops over the course of the series into an important plotline. Pierce engaged in innumerable bits of nearly unnoticeable stage business, displaying Niles' almost trancelike attraction to Daphne even when audience focus of attention is not on the pair. Niles is frequently jealous of Daphne's boyfriends (and even his own nephew, Frederick, who nurses a crush on Daphne as a pre-adolescent). Niles does tell Frasier repeatedly that he is over Daphne when she accepts Donny Douglas' proposal of marriage, and proceeds to marry Mel in a kind of rebound, but admits that he still loves Daphne when on the eve of her wedding, Frasier tells him that Daphne knows of Niles' feelings and reciprocates them.
When the two do attempt a relationship, they must reconcile their many lifestyle differences, and Daphne is so worried she will not live up to Niles' idealistic vision of her that she begins over indulging on chocolate. She gains over sixty pounds, but Niles doesn't even notice. Daphne finally reaches her breaking point when she falls to the floor and is too heavy to get up without the help of Frasier, Niles and Martin (who quips, "Hey Daph I just thought of something funny, it took three Cranes to lift you"). She is absent from the next few episodes, losing weight at a spa. (This storyline was developed to conceal the real reason actress Jane Leeves was putting on weight—she was pregnant.) Fortunately, in the end the couple finds compatibility, and many of Niles' nervous eccentricities diminish as he finally manages to maintain a stable relationship.
Ultimately Niles and Daphne marry in Reno, Nevada, and the series ends with the birth of their son, David, who is born at a veterinary clinic. David is named after Frasier co-creator David Angell who was killed, along with his wife Lynn, in the crash of American Airlines Flight 11 in the September 11, 2001 attacks.

plastic clipboard

2009-02-06T18:29:00.000-08:00

United 93 (film)
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Jump to: navigation, search
United 93

Directed by
Paul Greengrass
Produced by
Tim BevanEric FellnerPaul GreengrassLloyd Levin
Written by
Paul Greengrass
Music by
John Powell
Cinematography
Barry Ackroyd
Editing by
Clare DouglasRichard PearsonChristopher Rouse
Distributed by
Universal PicturesWorking Title
Release date(s)
April 28, 2006September 5, 2006 (DVD)
Running time
111 min.
Country
UK France United States
Language
EnglishArabic
Budget
$15,000,000
Gross revenue
$76,286,096
Official website • IMDb • Allmovie
Ratings
Germany
12
United Kingdom
15
United States
R
United 93 (formerly named Flight 93) is a 2006 film written and directed by Paul Greengrass that chronicles events aboard United Airlines Flight 93, which was hijacked during the September 11, 2001 attacks. The film attempts to recount with as much veracity as possible (there is a disclaimer that some imagination had to be used) and in real time (from the flight's takeoff), what has come to be known in the United States as an iconic moment of heroism. According to the filmmakers, the film was made with the full cooperation of all the families of the passengers.
United 93 premiered on April 26, 2006 at the Tribeca Film Festival in New York City, a festival founded to celebrate New York City as a major filmmaking center and to contribute towards the long-term recovery of lower Manhattan. Several family members of the passengers aboard the flight attended the premiere to show their support.
The film opened nationwide in North America on April 28, 2006. Ten percent of the gross from the three-day opening weekend was promised toward a donation to create a memorial for the victims of Flight 93. United 93 grossed $31.4 million in the United States, and $76.2 million worldwide.
Contents
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production notes
4 Historical background
5 Controversy
6 Critical reception
6.1 Top ten lists
7 Awards and nominations
7.1 Won
7.2 Nominated
8 DVD
9 See also
10 References
11 External links

Plot
The film opens early on the morning of September 11, 2001 with hijackers Ahmeds al-Nami and al-Haznawi praying in their hotel room, United 93's skyjacking ringleader Ziad Jarrah reading the Koran, and Saeed al-Ghamdi having a shave, then leaving for Newark International Airport. At the airport, the passengers and crew board United Airlines Flight 93 along with the hijackers. Shortly after boarding, Flight 93 runs into rush hour traffic, and the flight is momentarily delayed for 30 minutes. The other 3 would-be-hijacked flights take off.
Eventually Flight 93 does take off and passes by Manhattan. Captain Dahl makes a left bank and tells the forty-five passengers that while making the turn, those on the left side of the Boeing 757 have a clear view of Manhattan, especially of the Twin Towers. Hijacker Ziad Jarrah, who is sitting in seat 1B, catches a final glimpse of the World Trade Center as the plane climbs away.
Air traffic controllers monitoring all current flights notice that American Airlines Flight 11 has taken a southern turn toward New York City. Not long after that, Flight 11 descends into Lower Manhattan and crashes head on into the North Tower of the World Trade Center, though air traffic controllers are not aware of it. About 20 minutes earlier a tape recording was made of Mohamed Atta's infamous line "We have some planes, just stay quiet and you'll be okay. We are going back to the airport." Yet the controllers are not sure which airport the Boeing 767 will land. The content of the recording is reported to Ben Sliney. CNN then broadcasts the first international shot of the smoking WTC. While the traffic controllers, unaware that Flight 11 has crashed, try to make sense of it, United Airlines Flight 175 begins to descend and turn toward NYC as well. Air traffic controllers then realize they are dealing with a hijacking. American Airlines Flight 77 is also hijacked. The traffic controllers alert the U.S. Air Force, who debate whether or not to shoot down all suspected hijacked flights. The traffic controllers and Air Force then watch in horror as Flight 175 crashes into the South Tower of the WTC on live television, reported by CNN.
Soon, military personnel say that AA11 had not hit the North Tower, but was diverted to Dulles Airport.
Word of the planes that hit the World Trade Center reaches Flight 93, and the hijackers then decide to begin the hijacking. After Ahmed al-Haznawi assembles a bomb out of clay and plastic, the other 3 hijackers wrestle their way into the cockpit and overpower the pilots. In the cockpit they put a photo of the U.S. Capitol, their target, on the flight yoke mounted clipboard. By this time, Flight 77 crashes and creates a huge fireball at the Pentagon. The Mall in D.C. is also reported to be struck by another jet airliner.
Soon, those at the air traffic control tower in Cleveland suggest that Delta Air Lines Flight 1989 has also been hijacked, as Flight 93 heads closer towards the aircraft. Soon afterwards, Flight 1989 was taken off the list, and meanwhile Flight 93 soon turns towards D.C..
Much to the growing consternation of Ben Sliney and his people, coordination with the Air Force is haphazard and there are simply not enough planes ready, or armed, to respond to an in-air hijacking. Sliney ultimately decides to shut down all airspace in the United States and ground every single flight.
The hijackers do not prevent the people from making phone calls through the on-board GTE Airfone system. After hearing about the crashes into the WTC and the explosion at the Pentagon from loved ones, the passengers and crew understand that if they do nothing, they will also die, and eventually elect to storm the cockpit and attempt to retake the plane. The passengers make one last set of phone calls to friends and family, where they declare their intentions. The remaining crew assemble what makeshift weapons they can: cutlery, wine bottles, a fire extinguisher etc.
Learning that one of the passengers can fly a plane (although he has not flown a commercial aircraft), the group pin their hopes on him being able to at least control the plane. They debate whether the bomb is real or fake before deciding to start their counter-attack by overpowering al-Haznawi. He is killed by the passengers with a fire extinguisher. Having seen this, Ahmed al-Nami warns Jarrah and Saeed al-Ghamdi in the cockpit and makes several attempts to hold off the advancing passengers, including using what appears to be mace. He too is soon overwhelmed and killed by one of the passengers. Passenger Todd Beamer snatches the bomb from al-Haznawi's waist and announces the bomb was a fake.
Ziad Jarrah shakes the plane violently to throw the passengers off balance, but nonetheless they make it into the cockpit. al-Nami and Saeed al-Ghamdi are tackled to the floor and being overwhelmed by some other passengers. As the passengers wrestle with Jarrah for control, the plane goes into an angled nosedive towards the ground. The film ends with a shot of the plane crashing into a field through the view of the cockpit.

pen eraser

2009-02-06T18:28:00.000-08:00

Eraser
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Eraser (disambiguation).

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2007)

Common erasers
An eraser or rubber is an article of stationery that is used for removing pencil and sometimes pen writings. Erasers have a rubbery consistency and are often white, brown or pink, although modern materials allow them to be made in any color. Many pencils are equipped with an eraser on one end. Typical erasers are made from synthetic rubber, but more expensive or specialized erasers can also contain vinyl, plastic, or gum-like materials. Other, cheaper erasers can be made out of synthetic soy-based gum.
Contents
1 History
2 Types
3 References
3.1 Notes
3.2 Bibliography
4 See also
5 External links

[History

A pencil eraser.
Prior to the invention of the rubber eraser, tablets of wax were used to erase lead/charcoal marks from paper. It has been claimed that crustless bread was, in the past, commonly used as an eraser; this is possible, but the bread would disintegrate, and would at that time most likely have been too costly to replace.
On April 15, 1770, Joseph Priestley described a vegetable gum which had the ability to rub out peil marks: "I have seen a substance excellently adapted to the purpose of wiping from paper the mark of black lead pencil." He dubbed the substance "rubber".
In 1770, Edward Nairne, an English engineer, is credited with developing the first widely-marketed rubber eraser for an inventions competition. He reportedly sold natural rubber erasers for the high price of 3 shillings per half-inch cube. According to Nairne, he inadvertently picked up a piece of rubber instead of breadcrumbs, discovered rubber's erasing properties, and began selling rubber erasers. Incidentally, this was the first practical application of the substance in Europe, and rubbing out the pencil marks gave it its English name.
However, rubber in its raw form shared the same inconveniences as bread, since it was perishable and would go bad over time. In 1839, inventor Charles Goodyear discovered the process of vulcanization, a method that would cure rubber and make it a durable material. Rubber erasers became common with this advent of vulcanization.
On March 30, 1858, Hymen Lipman of Philadelphia, USA, received the first patent for attaching an eraser to the end of a pencil. It was later invalidated because it was determined to be simply a composite of two devices rather than an entirely new product .

Types

Cap erasers.

Two kneaded erasers. A new eraser is on the left, and an older eraser on the right. The older eraser is darker due to the graphite and charcoal dust that has become incorporated into the eraser.
Erasers are often found on the end of a pencil opposite the graphite point. The type of eraser often attached to pencils is usually pink, red, or green, and has a smooth, rubbery texture. Erasers also come in many different colors to match the pencil to which they are attached, especially for novelty purposes. Pulverized pumice is blended into this type of eraser to make it abrasive. It is good for most erasing purposes, though it tends to smear and can damage the paper if used too heavily. It leaves eraser residue that must be brushed away; care must be taken in brushing away residue, as the eraser particles can leave marks on the paper. Some erasers do not erase well because they lack the flexibility to clear the paper of the pencil markings.
Another eraser type that is popular with artists is the art gum eraser, made of soft, coarse rubber. It is especially suited to removing large areas, and does not damage the paper. As gum erasers tend to crumble as they are used, this type leaves a lot of eraser residue, however, and is not very precise. Many artists use a broad brush to sweep away the loose eraser residue. Art gum erasers are commonly tan or brown.
The kneaded eraser (or kneaded rubber eraser) is also well-known. It is usually made of a grey or white pliable material that resembles putty or chewing gum. It functions by "absorbing" and "picking up" graphite and charcoal particles. It does not wear away and leave behind eraser residue, thus it lasts much longer than other erasers. Kneaded erasers can be shaped with the fingers and used for precision erasing, to create highlights, or for detailing work. It is commonly used to remove light charcoal and light graphite marks in subtractive drawing techniques. However, it is not well-suited to completely erasing large areas, and may smear or stick if it becomes too warm. Though it does not wear away like other erasers, it can become exhausted, unable to absorb any more graphite or charcoal in which case it will start to smear and actually make marks instead of erasing them.
Soft vinyl erasers have a plastic-like texture and erase more cleanly than standard pink erasers. They are somewhat softer and non-abrasive, making them less likely to damage canvas or paper. They are prone to cause smearing when erasing large areas or dark marks, so are more frequently used for erasing light marks and precision erasing. Engineers favor this type of eraser for work on technical drawings due to their gentleness on paper. Vinyl erasers are commonly white.
Another type of eraser is used specifically for marks on a chalkboard or whiteboard. Rather than being rubbery or gummy like pencil erasers, it is a hand-held wooden or plastic block with a dark felt pad on one side.
Erasers come in several shapes and sizes. In addition to those that come attached to pencils, they may also be rectangular blocks (block and wedge eraser), or conical caps that can slip onto the end of a pencil (cap eraser). A barrel or click eraser is a device shaped like a pencil, but instead of being filled with pencil lead, its barrel contains a retractable cylinder of eraser material (most commonly vinyl). Novelty erasers are made in a wide variety of shapes, colors, and designs to suit their themes (such as musical notes, animals, confectionery), and they are typically acquired more for their decorative nature than for any practical use.